In America dissent is frequently seen as patriotic, debate and disagreement are welcomed. Dissenters have fought to make changes where they believe that the accepted norm in politics or society is denying them or others their rights. They are unafraid to stand up and have their voices heard, to disagree with the government or majority opinion. The voices of dissent are amplified even more so during a presidential election cycle. This course will consider some of the dissenting voices that have been to the fore in bringing about change in America. From politicians to social activists, civil rights leaders to immigrants, from environmentalists to union organisers we will explore how their beliefs and experiences challenged the status quo in America and helped change and shape the nation. In particular we will examine how these voices have played a role in presidential election campaigns from JFK to Biden including the 2024 presidential election. We will assess how presidential election candidates have aligned or distanced themselves from various groups and the stance they have taken on issues of importance during their campaigns such as the economy, civil rights, immigration, reproductive rights, foreign policy. We will analyse what if any impact those who challenge the status quo have had on presidential election campaigns. We will examine the rise of movements in the twenty first century such as Black Lives Matter, MeToo and Occupy Wall Street and consider their impact. We will also assess the emergence of right-wing groups who opposed reform in America including the Tea Party and Proudboys. We will examine how dissent and protest has, at times, also brought about civil unrest in America, including the January 6th attack on the Capitol, and how events such as these have impacted on the cause of those trying to bring about change. As part of the course we will also highlight a number of key seats/electoral districts in the 2024 elections and follow them on a weekly basis. Finally, we will evaluate the modern presidency and assess the challenges that will face the newly elected president.

The course does not presuppose an in-depth knowledge of American history or politics.