Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this module student will be able to
• Explain how humans can extract, transform and utilise energy from their environment.
• Predict how humans react to various states of nutrition, which it may be subjected to over a period.
• Assess the role, mode of action and interaction of various hormones involved in nutrient metabolism.
Indicative Module Content:
Introduction General concepts and key terminology
Enzymes – Nomenclature, action, key factors on enzyme activity, inhibition
Digestion - Ruminant and Monogastric digestion
Metabolism of carbohydrates Glycolysis
Metabolism of carbohydrates – Gluconeogenesis
Glycogen – Formation breakdown and regulation of its metabolism
Regulation of Glucose Metabolism
Structure and function of mitochondria
The citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation – Electron transport chain
ATP synthesis and energetic considerations
Photosynthesis – Light reactions – Photosystems in plants
Photosynthesis – Calvin cycle
Metabolism of fatty acids – Lipid oxidation
Metabolism of fatty acids – Ketone bodies and their metabolic role
Metabolism of fatty acids – Biosynthesis of a new fatty acid
Lipid transport and role of lipoproteins
Protein degradation and turnover – Amino acids nomencalture and synthesis
Amino acid catabolism
Amino acid biosynthesis
Urea cycle
Role of hormones in regulation of body functions
Metabolic enzymes: Insulin and glucagon
Integration of metabolic pathways – Role of organs –Food intake and starvation